Shortly before I went to medical school I came across a forgotten Chinese spiritual classic that provided numerous metaphors for meditation. A few months later, a passage from it about a Dextrous Butcher popped into my mind as I began working with cadavers in the anatomy lab and it dawned on me that its metaphors for entering the deepest aspects of our being also applied to surgery.¹

Since then, I’ve come to appreciate how well it applies to the entire art of medicine. It goes as follows:

“Cook Ting was cutting up an ox for Lord Wen-hui. As every touch of his hand, every heave of his shoulder, every move of his feet, every thrust of his knee — zip! zoop! He slithered the knife along with a zing, and all was in perfect rhythm, as though he were performing the dance of the Mulberry Grove or keeping time to the Ching-shou music. ‘Ah, this is marvelous!’ said Lord Wen-hui. ‘Imagine skill reaching such heights!’

Cook Ting laid down his knife and replied, ‘What I care about is the way, which goes beyond skill. When I first began cutting up oxen, all I could see was the ox itself. After three years I no longer saw the whole ox. And now — now I go at it by spirit and don’t look with my eyes. Perception and understanding have come to a stop and spirit moves where it wants.

I go along with the natural makeup, strike in the big hollows guide the knife through the big openings, and following things as they are. So I never touch the smallest ligament or tendon, much less a main joint.

A good cook changes his knife once a year — because he cuts. A mediocre cook changes his knife once a month — because he hacks. I’ve had this knife of mine for nineteen years and I’ve cut up thousands of oxen with it, and yet the blade is as good as though it had just come from the grindstone.

There are spaces between the joints, and the blade of the knife has really no thickness. If you insert what has no thickness into such spaces, then there’s plenty of room — more than enough for the blade to play about it. That’s why after nineteen years the blade of my knife is still as good as when it first came from the grindstone.

However, whenever I come to a complicated place, I size up the difficulties, tell myself to watch out and be careful, keep my eyes on what I’m doing, work very slowly, and move the knife with the greatest subtlety, until — flop! the whole thing comes apart like a clod of earth crumbling to the ground. I stand there holding the knife and look all around me, completely satisfied and reluctant to move on, and then I wipe off the knife and put it away.’

‘Excellent!’ said Lord Wen-hui. ‘I have heard the words of Cook Ting and learned how to fully live life!'”

Note: This essentially describes the process of living life through the spirit, and many of the most talented physicians I have come across agree this passage describes the evolution of their practice of medicine.²

The Art of Surgery

During my medical training, I assisted a group of OBGYNs who did a lot of C-section surgeries. One surgeon, an older Asian man caught my eye because of how graceful his hands were and how much smaller the injuries from his incisions were.

He shared with me that he was a lifelong Tai Chi practitioner and that this practice had caused him to become much more connected with his scalpel. Anytime he cut someone, he always made a point to feel connected to each layer of tissue he was cutting and conversely lamented having seen numerous cases of a babies being cut (e.g., on the face) by a typical OBGYN who wasn’t connected to their scalpel.

Note: Facial cuts or scrapes on newborns are estimated to occur in about 1 to 3 out of every 100 C-sections, especially during emergency procedures. These injuries affect the baby’s face, not the mother’s abdominal muscles.³

Electrocautery

Two common methods exist to cut through tissue. One is to use a sharp blade (the scalpel) to directly cut tissue and the other is to use a blunt metal blade which (through electricity) is heated to a high temperature so it causes the tissue it contacts to bubble and break apart.⁴

Electrocautery is often favored in surgery because it cauterizes as it cuts, reducing blood loss. This allows surgeons to work faster and with less precision. However, when I first encountered electrocautery, it was challenging for me to be around as it was almost as if I could sense the pain of the tissue being seared apart (which was particularly intense with the cervix). This led me to question electrocautery’s safety.

I subsequently discovered that electrocautery scars are more traumatic to the body, often leading to permanent health issues unless treated with specialized therapies that regenerate the scar and reset the nerves within it.

Note: Traumatized scars are a frequent cause of chronic illness due to the disruption they create within the autonomic nervous system and I frequently see dramatic results immediately follow the treatment of one.

The dead tissue left behind by cauterization can also lead to a higher rate of post-surgical infections.⁵ I’ve even seen cases where the immune system’s ability to contain a longstanding cancer was compromised,⁶ leading to fatal metastasis after surgery.

Note: One of the most effective methods for preventing post-surgical infections is ultraviolet blood irradiation.

Modern Surgery

As technology has advanced, it’s made once-impossible feats in medicine achievable, but at a cost. The reliance on expensive products has gradually replaced the innate skills doctors once depended on.

Take, for example, diagnosing common conditions like appendicitis. A thorough physical examination used to utilized, but now, the standard of care leans heavily on monetizable approaches like CT scans. This shift has caused the physical exam to become a lost art, leading to missed diagnoses that could have been caught with a hands-on approach (something I frequently encounter with challenging patients who’ve already seen many doctors).

Note: Medical residents who come from poorer countries to the US who trained without access to our expensive tests, when compared to their American-trained counterparts often excel at physical diagnosis because their training forced them to develop that skillset.

Electrocautery is a prime example of how technology can diminish surgical skills. While it simplifies surgery by eliminating the need for finesse, I’ve observed that younger doctors trained primarily with electrocautery are worse in the operating room, especially in specialties like OBGYN. Likewise, if you have a sizable patient pool or spend time in the recovery area of a hospital, you can often tell which surgeons use more or less cautery because of their poorer patient outcomes.

Note: The amount of blood loss which occurs during surgeries varies depending on the skill (and finesse) of a surgeon — surgeons who have ‘good hands’ are both faster and lose less blood (e.g., they have half the blood loss and take a third of the time for a surgery), as surgeons who go slower are typically compensating for their less astute anatomical awareness.

These are not absolutes however (e.g., a fast clumsy surgeon is a disaster, and certain surgeries like liver resections have to be done slowly to reduce blood loss). Unfortunately, since surgeons get the final say on how much blood was lost during their surgery, they frequently underestimate it.

An Awake Surgeon

When I first started my publication, I connected with a brilliant trauma surgeon who had recently been forced to flee Washington because he had advocated for the unvaccinated when everyone else was actively discriminating against them and denying them essential medical care.

From talking with Dr. Miller, I saw he had the rare capacity to see things for what they were and break from the crowd in order to do the right thing (a trait shared by the most talented doctors I’ve known). So, when he asked me to help publicize his story, I publicized it, and before I knew it, we’d ended up on national television.

Here are a few of Dr. Miller’s thoughts on The Dextrous Surgeon:

“The growing detachment of physicians from actual tactile experience has developed into a real problem, and I genuinely fear for our medical culture. The hands follow the mind.

I graduated from medical school in 2000. At that time the robotic operating systems began being heavily marketed despite there being no studies showing it improved any meaningful outcome — rather it often made them worse.

These robotic systems result in an uncoupling of tactile feedback between the patient and the surgeon. I worked with them early in my training and found it a fundamentally flawed technology for the care of people and rejected further use as I matured. My practical experience mirrored a truthful reading of the literature. Sadly, because of that marketing, patients routinely demanded robotic surgery.

For anyone who works with their hands (musicians, machinists, artists, carpenters, etc.), over time and with extensive practice, a deep intuition and flow develops, allowing for the steady progression towards expertise and excellence. This is why surgical specialty training programs require a minimum of 5 years of supervised guidance, after which years of diligent work are needed for mastery of surgery.

Feeling the tissues and organs, gently moving and manipulating them, while struggling to heal the whole person, all lead to developing pattern recognition beyond what is written and becomes an instinctual understanding. Instincts which, after mastering competence, allow for creativity and a very special form of healing.”

“Because of the heavy marketing, robotic surgery has now become the standard of care in almost every major abdominal or thoracic operation for urologists, gynecologists, general surgeons, and thoracic surgeons and recent graduates no longer know how to perform those surgeries with their own hands. They hence often cannot handle situations where robotic technology isn’t applicable, lacking both creativity and basic competence.

This is very worrisome as surgeons must be able to know how to improvise when something goes awry during a surgery, but since training has shifted to learning how to use each new technology, the fundamental surgical skills are disappearing.”

“In the last ten years, I’ve noticed a steep decline in the newer generations of surgeon, and worse still, unlike someone who learns through their hands, they never progress to mastery, leading to much worse outcomes for their patients.

Because of this, I’ve often been called in to fix a mess a robotic surgeon created that neither they nor their colleagues felt comfortable handling (in some cases needing to be granted emergency hospital privileges since the specialized surgery was not something I’d been ‘trained’ in like them).

I distinctly happen one case where this happened with a urologist who had no understanding of how he caused the complication and acted as if touching the tissues, respecting how they moved, and closing the muscle layers so they could hold the bowels into their correct compartment were novel concepts which he had never learned.

The part that really shocked is that rather than improve, those who suffered from these inadequacies seemed to spend most of their energies on redefining success rather than overcoming weaknesses. Sometime later, these same group of surgeons who expressed incompetence at the most fundamental levels of taking care of their own patients, became leaders of the medical safety committees in our hospital.

Rather than recognize the holes in their training/knowledge/skills and take initiative to learn/train how to care for the needs of their patients, they became administrative leaders. As such, they subsequently chose to redefine ‘competence’ or ‘good patient care’ into something that has nothing to do with patient outcomes or surgical ability.

I’ve seen this so many times. Hence, many like myself are now faced with the dilemma I faced: to have the privilege of helping people through surgery, which is something I loved and felt called to do, I had to compromise bits of excellence at regular intervals to work in these systems and tolerate ‘bad care’ being labeled as ‘good care’.

This is a difficulty of living a life and a medical practice of trying to be in touch with The Spirit or The Way. One needs to be working in a place with minimal (maybe no) cognitive and moral dissonance to have excellent outcomes and to be connected. When we work in an extremely flawed system and a fallen world, there is always an inherent tension to be connected to Truth.

But now the gap of reality has become staggering in healthcare. It is extremely difficult to stay in standard health care and remain without overwhelming cognitive and moral dissonance. In truth, it isn’t welcome anymore. Few are called and able. I could not anymore, and I chose to live without the dissonance and transition to a different facet of healing. For those who can stay and stay true, I have a fierce admiration.”

Note: A few of the more egregious examples of poorly performed surgery Dr. Miller witnessed are detailed here.

Conclusion

In my eyes, one of the greatest tragedies of Dr. Miller’s story (which also holds true for many other pioneering physicians who questioned the COVID-19 policies like Paul Marik) is that they are the doctors patients would most want to see in the hospitals — yet, the existing system pushes them out for putting patients before profits.

For example, in a recent article, I discussed the dangers of spinal surgery — a procedure which frequently leaves patients much worse off and often doesn’t address the root cause of back pain.

In that field, ethical spinal surgeons exist, but like the COVID dissidents, when they speak out against unjustified or poorly done spinal surgeries being performed by their unscrupulous colleagues, they are pushed aside by their profit focused institutions. In short I argue that were surgery were to return to its roots and prioritize connecting with the patient, many of these issues would stop happening.

Fortunately, the COVID-19 response was so egregious that it has woken the public up to this problem and a profound shift has occurred, best shown by a recent JAMA study of 443,455 participants, which found compared to 2019, where 71.5% of Americans trusted physicians and hospitals, now only 40.1% do.⁷

This is a critical loss for an industry which depends upon the public’s trust to function. To regain it, the medical profession must return to its roots and chose approaches that bring doctors closer to their patients rather than profitable medical technologies that further disconnect them.

Author’s note: This is an abridged version of a longer article on the subject which discusses the above points in more detail, shares cases that illustrate what can do wrong without a traditional training in surgery, and pointers for identifying the ideal surgeon to work with. That article and its additional references can be read here.

About the Author

A Midwestern Doctor (AMD) is a board-certified physician in the Midwest and a longtime reader of Mercola.com. I appreciate his exceptional insight on a wide range of topics and I’m grateful to share them. I also respect his desire to remain anonymous as he is still on the front lines treating patients. To find more of AMD’s work, be sure to check out The Forgotten Side of Medicine on Substack.

Staying awake during surgery is the norm for certain procedures, like some cesarean sections and brain surgeries. However, most people expect that they’ll be under general anesthesia should they require surgery.

This may soon change, as increasing numbers of patients are opting to take control of their surgical experience and stay awake during the procedure.

It’s a decision that comes with both benefits and risks — to the patient and the surgeon. Not every surgery is appropriate for staying awake, but if you’re given the option, here’s what you should consider.

During Which Types of Surgery Can Patients Stay Awake?

Not every hospital offers patients the “awake” option, even in surgeries for which it’s conducive, because it requires a customized experience. The surgeon must also be willing and the patient must be able to handle the procedure without becoming overly stressed or anxious.

Assuming all of this lines up, orthopedic procedures, such as hand, knee or wrist surgery, are among the most common procedures now performed with patients awake but, as reported by The New York Times, “surgery in breast, colorectal, thoracic, vascular, otolaryngological, urological, ophthalmological and cosmetic specialties is also moving in this direction.”¹

Research suggests many patients have a favorable experience with the “wide awake approach.” In a study of the use of local anesthetics in hand surgery, 83% said they would choose this form of anesthesia again if they needed another operation.² In another study, patients were equally satisfied on average whether they received local anesthesia or sedation.³

What Are the Benefits of Staying Awake During Surgery?

One of the primary benefits is avoiding the risks that come along with general anesthesia, which can be significant. Research published in the journal Anesthesiology compared the effectiveness of local versus general anesthesia for hip fracture surgery and found that local anesthesia was associated with better outcomes.

“Regional anesthesia is associated with a lower odds of inpatient mortality and pulmonary complications among all hip fracture patients compared with general anesthesia,” the researchers wrote.⁴

Further, with local anesthesia recovery time is reduced, as is the cost of surgery. Patients who undergo sedation spend more time at the hospital, require more pre-operative testing and report greater anxiety prior to surgery.⁵

An analysis of 100 wide awake hand surgery procedures performed at a military medical center also revealed significant cost savings compared to general anesthesia. For two procedures (carpal tunnel release and A1 pulley release), an 85% and 70% cost savings were reported, respectively.⁶

Some Patients Get to Take an Active Role in Surgery

In some cases, another major advantage is that a surgeon can assess a patient’s mobility during surgery, which can help to improve outcomes. As noted in the Bulletin of the Hospital for Joint Disease:⁷

“This confers particular advantage in surgeries such as tendon repairs, tendon transfers and soft tissue releases in which intraoperative active motion can [be] used to optimize outcomes.

The wide awake approach also confers significant benefit to patients, providers and health care systems alike due to efficiencies and cost savings.”

The Journal of Hand Surgery also reported on the use of local anesthesia for finger tendon transfer, with favorable results in part because the patients get to move their digits during surgery. The researchers explained:⁸

“Wide awake patients are comfortable, cooperative and educable, and are able to help the surgeon set the correct tension for the transfer.

They flex and extend the thumb before the skin is closed to make sure the transfer is not too tight or too loose. It helps that they remember seeing the thumb move nicely during the surgery when they are in postoperative hand therapy.”

A Swedish study similarly concluded that, compared to general anesthesia, awake hand surgery reduces patient discomfort, allows the patient to participate in the surgery, improves safe outcomes and greatly reduces the cost of medical care.⁹ “Furthermore, patients regarded as high-risk can be safely treated without risk of cardiac or pulmonary side effects,” the researchers wrote.¹⁰

Staying awake during surgery also provides a level of patient involvement that was previously not attainable. For people interested in taking an active role in their health care, awake surgery allows patients to watch the surgical procedure and even ask questions while it’s ongoing. As the Times put it:¹¹

“Choosing to watch your own surgery is one more manifestation of the patient autonomy movement, in which patients, pushing back against physician paternalism, are eager to involve themselves more deeply in their own medical treatment.”

Wide Awake Surgery May Not Be for Everyone

There are some additional considerations to take into account when considering staying awake during surgery. Practical issues, like staying in one position for hours at a time, with nothing to keep you occupied, should not be ignored.

Also consider how you’ll react if you can feel pressure and vibrations from cutting or even smell burning flesh during the surgery. It’s a good idea to ask your surgical team what to expect so you can be mentally as well as physically prepared.

This realm of surgery is also changing the ways surgical teams communicate, as they must be careful not to alarm or offend the patient.

One 2016 study published in The American Journal of Surgery looked into surgeons’ approaches to communication during awake procedures and many reported challenges, especially in balancing teaching responsibilities with the needs and comfort of the patient.¹²

“Rather than risk unsettling the patient with what might be a typical instruction to a resident — ‘See if you can find your way through it’ — Dr. [Michael] Marin, [professor and chairman of the surgery department at Mount Sinai Medical Center] may be more circumspect: ‘We need to adjust this piece over here,'” the Times reported.¹³

It’s important to keep in mind that, even without general anesthesia, surgery still carries risks, including infection. You’ll want to explore all of your potential treatment options prior to deciding on surgery of any kind. In the case of knee surgery, for instance, the benefit may be comparable to that received by a sham surgery.

Patients Are Even Undergoing Heart Surgery While Awake

It’s one thing to consider staying awake while your thumb is being operated on, but quite another to consider staying awake during open heart surgery. This, too, is increasingly being done, however, with a range of benefits. Doctors can, for instance, monitor the patient’s brain during the surgery in case of a stroke.¹⁴

In Canada, surgeons are able to perform heart valve replacements while patients are awake. Medical director at the New Brunswick Heart Centre in Saint John, Dr. Vernon Paddock, told CBC News:¹⁵

“What we have found is that if we do them while they’re awake, the patients are much more stable and they recover much more quickly … Patients spend less time in the intensive care unit recovering because they don’t have the anesthetic to recover from.

… In fact, some of the patients — now we’ve started to bypass the intensive care unit and recover them in the cardiac [catheterization] lab.”

The awake procedure is also being used for people whom surgery is too risky — like 104-year-old Pat Marble. She received a valve replacement while awake at the Minneapolis Heart Institute at Abbott Northwestern in 2017.¹⁶

Be Sure the Surgery Is Necessary First

If you do, in fact, need surgery, the awake options, which allow you to avoid the many pitfalls of general anesthesia, are likely to be beneficial. However, if your physician tells you that you need surgery, unless it is an emergency, I would strongly recommend you get a second opinion first.

In many cases, you may find that you don’t need surgery after all, saving not only a considerable amount of money, but also avoiding the potentially deadly risks that any surgery carries. Tens of thousands of patients undergo unnecessary surgery each and every year, and you don’t want to be one of them.¹⁷

There are multiple reasons why unnecessary surgeries take place. In some cases they’re the result of criminal acts, in which surgeons intentionally prey on patients, performing surgeries even though they know they are not medically justified.

Far more often, however, are the physicians who perform unnecessary surgeries out of incompetence or a lack of training in less-invasive alternatives. Many health care providers may believe that surgery is the only answer, even when the success rates are minimal and better non-surgical treatment options exist.

Then there are those providers who perform the surgery simply because the profit will increase their income, and they can justify them as medically “necessary.”

If you’re considering surgery — even awake surgery — it’s always a good idea to get a second opinion — and possibly a third and fourth. The other key is to be proactive and start pursuing a healthy lifestyle today, so you don’t become a victim of an unnecessary medical procedure.

As much as possible, be proactive in using a healthy lifestyle to support and protect your health and, if illness or injury does occur, use natural methods that will allow your body to heal itself without the need for unnecessary surgery, drugs or other invasive medical procedures.